雅思听力考什么？
发表时间：2020-04-26 21:49:27
教师简介：章灿老师，多道尚知优秀教师。香港教育大学教育学硕士毕业，热爱语言教学，为人开朗富有亲和力，对教学工作充满热情；章老师深知语言学习的规律，积极在教学实践中从多角度帮助学生提升语言能力。章老师所授课程涉及新概念英语、剑桥英语、大学英语四六级以及雅思、托福等课程。
1.1听力考试内容
雅思听力考试一共分为四部分。
其中，第一部分和第二部分，主要测试考生在英语国家的生存场景(survival situation)中所需要的语言技能，解题的重点在于理解事实性信息。
第三部分和第四部分，主要涉及考生在英语国家接受培训和课程学习时所遇到的学术场景(academic situation)，解题重点在于辨别主要观点，理解学术性主题和讨论内容，抓住细节信息。
每个部分都有10个小题，总共40个小题。总结如下：
| 部分 | 话题范围 | 常考话题 | 题目数量 |
| 1 | 社会需求 (Survival situation) |
住宿（accommodation）,交通（transportation）,娱乐（entertainment）,健康(health)，购物（shopping）等 | 10 |
| 2 | 10 | ||
| 3 | 教育培训 (academic situation) |
讲座（speech）,指导课（tutorial lesson）,学术讨论（academic discussion）等 | 10 |
| 4 | 10 |
在雅思听力中，涉及以上话题的场景可细分为：
校外日常生活场景：如租房、旅游、运动健康、文艺演出、学生银行、求医问药、饮食营养、文艺演出、求职面试等；
校园生活场景：新生入学介绍、学习经验交流、选课、图书馆、具体授课场景等。
以租房场景为例，考试中可能会涉及到以下内容：
- 找房子的途径House hunting：house agency 房产代理公司，newspaper报纸或朋友介绍等。
- 涉及到的人People Involved：house agent 房产代理人，landlord (landlady)房东，tenant/lodger/renter/roomer租客等。
- 房屋类型Type of Accommodation：halls of residence 集体宿舍，student hostel 学生公寓，studio apartment/bedsit 单身公寓等。
- 房屋位置Location ：...
- 等等...
1.2听力考试时间
听力考试时间共40分钟，其中30分钟放录音，最后10分钟把答案誊到答题卡上。每部分只播放一遍，考生必须边听边写答案。各部分录音开始前考生有30秒时间阅读题目，各部分录音结束后，考生有30秒检查答案。
1.3听力考试题型
题型总的来说可分为两大类：选择题和填空题。
选择题包括：三选一、多选题、配对题、分类题等。做这类题的时候，在没有听清信息的情况下，考生也可以猜测答案。因为雅思没有采取倒扣分制，即使答案错了也不会扣分。
填空题包括：图表题、笔记填空、句子填空、摘要填空、简答题。这种题要求考生准确听出录音中的信息，因为无法靠猜测写出答案。
雅思考试最大的特点是要求考生自己填出信息的题至少有30道，而最多的一次考试出了39个填空，所以考生的拼写就显得尤为重要。
常考题型举例如下图所示：
| 常考题型 | 举例 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multiple choice （选择题） |
Choose the correct letter,A,B or C. 21 Melanie says she has not started the assignment because A she was doing work for another course. B it was a really big assignment. C she hasn’t spent time in the library. 22 The lecturer says that reasonable excuse for extensions are A planning problems. B problems with assignment deadlines. C personal illness on accident. Choose TWO letters A-E. What TWO disadvantages of the questionnaire form of data collection do the students discuss? A The data is sometimes invalid. B Too few people may respond. C It is less likely to reveal the unexpected. D It can only be used with literate populations. E There is a delay between the distribution and return of questionnaires. |
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| Matching （配对题） |
What recommendations does Dr Johnson make about the journal articles? Choose your answers from the box and write the letters A-G next to questions 23-27.
Jackson: 23 Roberts: 24 Morris: 25 Cooper: 26 Forster: 27 |
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| Classification （分类题） |
Which section of the university will help postgraduate students with their dissertations in the following ways? A the postgraduate’s own department or tutor B library staff C another section of the university Write the correct letter, A, B or C,next to questions 37-40. 37 training in specialized computer programs 38 advising on bibliography presentation 39 checking the draft of the dissertation 40 providing language support |
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| Labelling a diagram/plan/map （标签题） |
Label the plan below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.  |
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| Forms/Notes /Table/Flowchart/ Summary completion/ （个人信息表/笔记/表格/流程图/摘要填空） |
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.  Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
|
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| Short-answer questions （简答题） |
Answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for each answer. 16 How much money did the charity receive when it won an award? ............................ 17 What is the charity currently hoping to buy? ............................ |
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| Sentence complete （完成句子） |
Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. RIVERSIDE INDUSTRIAL VILLAGE 11 Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had water, raw materials and fuels such as .............. And .................. . 12 The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by ...........who lived in the area. 13 There were over ......................water-powered mills in the area in the eighteenth century. |
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1.4考试评分标准
雅思听力考试成绩采用9分制。最后的成绩要根据试卷的难易程度乘以难度系数，所以每次考试正确的题目数量和分数等级之间的对应关系不是确定的。
| 正确题目数量 | 分数等级 |
| 40 | 9 |
| 35-39 | 8/8.5 |
| 30-34 | 7/7.5 |
| 23-29 | 6/6.5 |
| 16-22 | 5/5.5 |
| 10-15 | 4/4.5 |
| 4-9 | 3/3.5 |
| 2-3 | 2/2.5 |
| 1 | 1/1.5 |
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